An economic studyfor the use of mechanical technology in the production of some cereal crops
Prof. Dr./ Mostafa El Saadany, Dr./ Olfat Malook, Dr./ Afaf Abd El Moneim
The study targeted the acknowledge of the economic impacts for the mechanization of some farm operations for the main cereal crops in El Behira governorate through the acknowledge of the impacts of using the agricultural machine on some of production efficiency indicators and also economic for the study sample crops ( Wheat, Rice, Summer Maize ), also the acknowledge of the best mechanical technology levels used in the production of study crops, which realized the highest production, also realizing the biggest possible net income per fed., also studding the most important problems and obstacles which impede the usage of machine in the Egyptian farming.
The study showed the decrease of the relative importance for the mechanized area for the farming operations at the study, where it was shown that the mechanized area for the operation of sub soiling represents about 13.88% , 11.97% , 20.64% from the total area cultivated with Wheat, Rice, Summer Maize for the farmers of the study sample respectively, also the mechanized area for laser leveling operation represents about 48.19% , 11.96% , 17.59% for each of them respectively, the mechanized area for the operation of auto farming represents about 13.54% for wheat crop, no sample farms executed it for Rice and Summer Maize crops, the mechanized area for the operation of auto harvesting operation amounted 66.66% for Wheat, 35.37% for Rice, no sample farmers executed it for Summer Maize.
The study showed that the execution of sub soiling, laser leveling, auto farming, auto harvesting for Wheat crop results in the increase of the fed. Production with about 15.42% , 2.13% , 13.99% , 7.35% for each respectively, also the execution of sub soiling, laser leveling, auto harvesting for Rice crop results in the increase of the fed. Production with about 20.96% , 7.56% , 5.5% and the increase of the net fed. income with about 57.61% , 14.15% , 47.17% for each respectively.
It was also shown that the execution of sub soiling, laser leveling for Summer Maize crop results in the increase of the fed. Production with about 19.78% , 19.9% and the increase of the net fed. income with about 129.88% , 115.18% for each respectively.
The study also showed through the statistical evaluation for Wheat production formula by using the illusionary variables that using agricultural machine technology represented in sub soiling, laser leveling, auto farming, auto harvesting leads to the moving of production formula with an amount of 1.393 , 0.834 , 1.069 , 1.119 erdab/fed. respectively, the evaluation of Rice production formula showed that using agricultural machine technology represented in sub soiling, laser leveling, auto harvesting leads to the moving of the total production formula with an amount of 0.49 , 0.249 , 186 ton/fed. respectively, it was also shown from the evaluation of Summer Maize production formula that using agricultural machine technology represented in sub soiling, laser leveling leads to the moving of the total production formula with an amount of 1.013 , 0.981 erdab/fed. respectively.
The study showed that the most important obstacles of using the agricultural machine according to the opinions of the farmers of study sample is the unavailability of the agricultural machines that perform these mentioned operations specially in the peak time with sufficient amounts, and high price of leasing it, the high ratio of loss of Wheat straw during auto harvesting and small properties and many small areas and narrow agricultural roads.