Reduce Of Nitrate Leaching Using Localized Compaction And Irrigation Management In Sandy Loam Soils /
نوع الرسالة

Msc

ملف pdf

تحميل

تفاصيل

Leader  
مصدر الفهرسة وكالة الفهرسة الأصلية / EG-EULC
الوكالة الناسخة / EG-EULC
رمز اللغة رمز لغة النص/ المسارات الصوتية أو العنوان الانفرادي / eng
رمز لغة الملخص / المستخلص / العنوان الفوقي أو الفرعي / eng
رمز لغة الملخص / المستخلص / العنوان الفوقي أو الفرعي / ara
رقم تصنيف ديوى العشرى رقم الطبعة / 18
رقم التصنيف / 630
مدخل رئيسي لاسم شخص الاسم الشخصي / El-Nagar, Ahmed Mohammed El-Sayed.
عنوان الوعاء العنوان / Reduce Of Nitrate Leaching Using Localized Compaction And Irrigation Management In Sandy Loam Soils /
بيان المسئولية - جميع المؤلفين و ما له علاقه بالعمل / Ahmed Mohammed El-Sayed El-Nagar ; Supervised By Ibrahim Nassar Nassar, Abd El-Salam Abass Abd El-Salam, Ahmed M.A. Aggag.
العنوان الموازى وبيانات أخرى للعنوان العنوان/ العنوان الفعلي / تقليل فقد النترات بالغسيل باستخدام انضغاط التربة المكانى واداره الرى فى تربة رملية لومية.
حقل بيانات النشر تاريخ الناشر او الموزع / 2008.
حقل الوصف المادى أبعاد الوعاء / 28 cm.
تبصرة نوع درجة الرسالة العلمية - أطروحة تبصرة أطروحة / .Thesis (M.S.) - Alexandria University Damanhour Branch. Faculty Of Agricultural. Department Of Soil And Water Sciences.
تبصرة ببليوجرافية تبصرة ببليوجرافية، الخ / Includes Of Bibliographical References And Index.
التبصرة الخاصة بالتعليق أو التلخيص ملخص، الخ / Nitrogen Is An Essential Element For plant Growth And Reproduction Of All life Forms. It Must Usually Be supplemented to sustain food, feed and fiber production (Dinnes et el., 2002).
Globally, nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications are approximately 80 million tonnes, with half being applied in developing countries and the other half in developed countries (FAO, 1990). It has been estimated that by the year 2025, the consumption of nitrogen fertilizer will increase 60 to 90 percent, with two-thirds of this being applied in the developing world. This trend in fertilizer use is mostly driven by the need of developing countries to keep food supply up with population growth (Rajaram et al., 1993).
Since N is one of the most dynamic and mobile elements, its management is difficult, especially in irrigated systems where significant losses can be occurred by leaching or denitrification. Delgado (2002) stated that the major pathways for N loss are ammonia (NH3) volatilization and leaching of nitrate. Tani et al., (2004) reported that leaching, volatilization and denitrification are the major loss pathways of nitrogen. So improvement of fertilizer use efficiency is necessary to increase crop productivity and reduce environmental pollution.
Recently, the NO־3-N form of fertilizers is considered a potential pollutant by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This is due to excess amount of applied N fertilizer (to croplands, lawns, nurseries, orchards, gardens, and golf courses) which can move into streams by runoff and into ground water by leaching. Excess NO־3–N is conceded as water contaminant and hazardous environmentally to water quality (Power and Schepers, 1989). Because of the environmental and health risks associated with nitrate contamination of drainage and ground water, the EPA delineated the critical level of NO־3-N in water by 10 mg/L.
Although, nitrate leaching from root zone to water resources is affected by combinations of many factors including tillage, drainage, soil physical and chemical properties, crop selection, soil organic matter, microbial activities, irrigation system, soil hydrology and temperature, method and amount of applied fertilizers, time of application and kind of nitrogen fertilizer applied (Dinnes et el., 2002), Strategies to reduce nitrate leaching to drainage water can be realized through optimizing nitrogen fertilizer application, soil tillage, and controlled irrigation techniques. Baker (2002) mentioned that nitrogen fertilizer application techniques can be altered to reduce the amount of (NO־3-N) leaching, which may be increased over excess N-fertilizer application or ill-timed application of different N sources (organic and inorganic) that can provide too much plant available N and increase the potential for NO־3 leaching.
The widespread of surface and ground water nitrate pollution is of a health, environmental, economical concern for both humans and animals. Environmentally, elevated nitrate (NO־3-N) concentrations in surface water bodies may contribute to eutrophication. Concentration of 10 ppm/L or more in drinking water have caused infant death because of ”methaemoglobinaemia”. Formation of potentially carcinogenic nitrosamines in the soil from nitrite (NO2-N) and secondary amines is also a health concern. Both NO־3-N and NO2-N have been shown to negatively affect the metabolism in domestic animals (Hubbard et al., 2004). Economically, a loss of applied nitrate by leaching through uncontrolled surface irrigation in Egypt means financial waste for the farmers. In addition, reliance on nitrogen fertilizers produced with large amounts of fossil fuels may not be economically or environmentally sustainable in the future (Magdoff, 1991).
In Egypt, fertigation is practiced on only 13 percent of agriculture land and 87 percent of the fertilizers are applied by traditional methods (FAO, 1990). Therefore, it is important to improve application methods of nitrogen fertilizers in order to increase fertilizers use efficiency. In incorporated nitrogen fertilizers, volatilization can be limited even in calcareous soils (Ressler et al., 1997).
Diverting the flow of infiltrating water from the fertilizers and compacting the soil above the injected fertilizers can reduce NO־3 leaching. A new fertilizer applicator was investigated by (Baker et al., 1997); this device forms a small compacted layer of a localized compaction. The applicator is evaluated by measuring soil physical properties for the compacted layer.
The Objectives of the present research work were, (i) reduce nitrate leaching toward water recourses and improve ground water quality, through the adoption of the improved nitrogen and water management practices, (ii) evaluate the effectiveness of the localized compaction to reduce NO־3-N leaching and improve its use efficiency in a corn field under different water regimes and different locations of the soil compacted layer, (iii) determine soil nitrate vertical distribution after crop yielding as affected by localized compaction treatments, (iv) calculate compaction dependency and yield response under different water regimes with different locations of localized compaction, and (v) assess the relationship between some physical properties of soil and localized compaction treatments.
تبصرة اللغة اللغة / Text In English And Abstracts In English And Arabic.
رءوس الموضوعات مصطلح موضوعي أو اسم جغرافي كعنصر مدخل / Agriculture.
المدخل الإضافي - اسم شخصي اسم شخصي / Nassar, Ibrahim Nassar,
مصطلح الرابط / Supervisor.
المدخل الإضافي - اسم شخصي اسم شخصي / Aggag, Ahmed M. A,
مصطلح الرابط / Supervisor.
المدخل الإضافي - اسم شخصي اسم شخصي / Abd El-Salam, Abd El-Salam Abass,
مصطلح الرابط / Supervisor.
مدخل إضافى - هيئة اسم الهيئة أو اسم السلطة كعنصر مدخل / Alexandria University.
الهيئة التابعة / Damanhour Branch.
الهيئة التابعة / Faculty Of Agriculture.
الهيئة التابعة / Department Of Soil and Water Sciences .
معلومات الرسالة العلمية كود درجة الرسالة M أو D / M.
درجة الرسالة العلمية / Master.
تاريخ منح الرسالة يوم-شهر-سنه / 2008.
هيئة الاشراف / Ibrahim Nassar Nassar, Abd El-Salam Abass Abd El-Salam, Ahmed M. A. Aggag.
بيان النسخ
موقع النسخة الرقم العام رقم الاستدعاء رقم المجلد الترفيف ملاحظه عامة
جامعة دمنهور - كلية الزراعة - مكتبة الرسائل العلمية 361 630.E R   630  
جامعة دمنهور - كلية الزراعة - مكتبة الرسائل العلمية 361.1 630.E R   630  
جامعة دمنهور - كلية الزراعة - مكتبة الرسائل العلمية 428 630.E R   630  
جامعة دمنهور - كلية الزراعة - مكتبة الرسائل العلمية 428.1 630.E R   630